Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) Practice Exam 2026 – Your All-in-One Guide to Exam Success!

The focus of cryptography is primarily on the protection of information. This field involves techniques and methodologies for securing data by transforming it into an unreadable format for unauthorized users while ensuring that it remains accessible to those who have the appropriate permissions. The fundamental goal of cryptography is to safeguard confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of data, which is critical in a world where information exchange happens over various channels that may not be secure.

In contrast, the other options relate to different areas of cybersecurity and information technology. Network protocols pertain to the rules and conventions for communication between network devices, which is more about data transmission than protection. Data retrieval techniques focus on methods for accessing and retrieving data from databases or storage systems, which does not directly address the security aspect. The analysis of software vulnerabilities is about identifying and mitigating weaknesses within software applications, rather than securing data through cryptographic methods.